Cycles of Plants

Cycles Take Place in Plants Life

      In the life of plants many cycle occur. Plants are prepare its on food in photosynthesis process. Production of glucose take place in the process of gylycolysis. Many other process are also take place in the life of plant. Some of these are Aerobic respiration,Krebs cycle etc.

       Glycolysis   Glycolysis is the initial step of catabolic chemical reactions. It occur almost all the cells. Six carbon glucose molecule is broken down into two molecule of pyruvate during glycolysis. Nat production of ATP is two. Four molecule of ATP is produce in glycolysis but two are used to rearrange the glucose molecule. This process is complete in ten step. In the First step Glucose is enter in the cell. It is phosphorelated  by an enzyme hexakinase. During the Second step  Glucose 6-phosphate is rearranged. It converted into its isomer (fructose 6-phosphate). Third step use the another ATP molecule. Enzyme transfer a phosphate group from ATP to sugar. It from fructose 1,6-diphosphate. Step which give name to the glycolysis is Step four. An enzyme breaks the fructose 1,6-diphosphate in to two different three carbon sugars. These two sugar are isomers of each other. These sugar name is glyceralaehyde 3- phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate.Step five Another enzyme catalyzes the reversible conversion between the two 3- carbon sugar. It converts the all molecule of dihydroxyacetone phosphate into gyceraldehydes 3- phosphate.

      Last four step is energy yielding steps. Step six  Reaction is catalyzes by enzyme. 1st sugar is oxidized by the transfer of electrons and H+ to NAD and from NADH+. This reaction is very exergoinc. Seventh step  Finally glycolysis is produce some ATP. The phosphate group added in the previous step is transferred to ADP. It forms the 3-phosphoglyceric acid. This is not sugar. Step eight Next an enzyme relocates the renaming phosphate group and form 2-phosphoglyceric acid. Ninth step  Remove the water with the help of an enzyme.Step ten is last step of glycolysis. In this reaction transfer of phosphate is form PEP to ADP. SO it produce more ATP.

Aerobic Respiration

Aerobic respiration took place in microorganisms and mitochondria of some organisms. This reaction is also take place in plants. The evolution of aerobic respiration has made the organism efficient. It provide them powerful and efficient way of the removing energy from nutrient molecules. Life would become slow without mitochondrial ATP production.  Aerobic respiration is explain with the help of a reaction.

       Pyruvate + O2  ==> CO2 + H2O  + 34  
    

This reaction produce 34 molecule of ATP.Aerobic respiration organised into a number of reaction. Each reaction is catalyzed by a specific enzyme. There are two step of aerobic respiration. Krebs cycle and  electron transport chain. Krebs cycle is series of  reaction  in which pyruvate from gylcolysis is oxidized to CO2. Hans Krebs discovered this reaction. Electron transport chain  The collection of molecule embedded in the inner membrane of the mitochondrion is called electron transport chain.